Source: http://image.slidesharecdn.com/mm217project-141108115031-conversion-gate01/95/brain-drain-1-638.jpg?cb=1415447490
it is a new phenomene in which gradauated people leave their countries and go to another countries especially the developping ones in order to exercise a job where they are well-paid and have better living conditions.
What are the main causes of Brain drain??
There are various causes of brain drain, but they differ depending on the country that's experiencing it. The main causes include seeking employment or higher paying jobs, political instability, and to seek a better quality of life. Causes of brain drain can categorized into push factors and pull factors.
The push factors are negative characteristics of the home country that forms the impetus for intelligent people migrating from Lesser Developed Countries (LDC). In addition to unemployment and political instability, some other push factors are the absence of research facilities, employment discrimination, economic underdevelopment, lack of freedom, and poor working conditions.
The Pull factors are the positive characteristics of the developed country from which the migrant would like to benefit. Higher paying jobs and a better quality of life are examples of pull factors. Other pull factors include superior economic outlook, the prestige of foreign training, relatively stable political environment, a modernized educational system to allow for superior training, intellectual freedom, and rich cultures. These lists are not complete; there may be other factors, some of which can be specific to countries or even to individuals.
Effects of Brain Drain on the Home Country
developping countries benefit more and more from the highely-skilled people for instance:
- Loss of tax revenue
- Loss of potential future entrepreneurs
- A shortage of important, skilled workers
- The exodus may lead to loss of confidence in the economy, which will cause persons to desire to leave rather than stay
- Loss of innovative ideas
- Loss of the country's investment in education
- The loss of critical health and education services.
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